Friday, May 20, 2011

Good article about how caloric restriction is the one proven way to exceed maximum lifespan.  Of interest this map of life expectancy, I find it interesting that Canada, Australia, and New Zealand beat the US.   A recent study on Mother's Day also ranked those three countries in the top 10 best places to be a mother, the US didn't even make it on the list.  This article about anti-aging in a pill points out the challenges to resveratrol and brings up another compound, rapamyacin.  Interestingly the article leaves out many other small compounds that have been suggested to extend lifespan, but it does a good job sticking to the facts.





Organism

On caloric restriction

Using drugs or genetic modifications

Yeast

Lives three times as long as normal.

Inhibiting the TOR nutrient-sensing pathway by deleting TOR and related genes produces a several-fold increase in life span.

Fruit fly

Lives two times as long as normal.

Reducing activity of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway through genetic deletions extends life. So does using rapamycin, a drug that acts via the TOR pathway.

Mouse

Lives 30 to 50 percent as long as normal.

Mutations that reduce activity of the IIS pathway or the TOR pathway, called mTOR in mammals, increase life span. So do rapamycin and the diabetes drug metformin. Mannoheptulose, which slows metabolism of glucose, may extend life by 30 percent.

Monkey

Less age-related disease and lowered age-related mortality after 15–20 years.

No published results of experimental drugs.

Human

Long-term study of 25 percent reduction in calories is ongoing.

Not yet determined. Some researchers have hopes for rapamycin and mannoheptulose, among others. Studies of resveratrol and SIRT1 activators, which both stimulate sirtuins, and metformin are ongoing.

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